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Hyperprolactinemia

Introduction

Hyperprolactinemia Infertility

The human body is dynamic, yet many of its systems are set in delicate balances. Hormones regulate many of the body’s functions, and when hormone levels are imbalanced, they can have a significant impact. Such is the case with prolactin, one of several hormones the pituitary gland produces.

Prolactin plays a vital role in stimulating milk production after childbirth. The levels increase during pregnancy. This causes the mammary glands to enlarge as the mother’s body prepares for breastfeeding. When the baby is feeding, prolactin also helps release the milk in the mother’s breast.

The high levels of this hormone not only help with feeding the newborn, but also inhibit ovulation for several months during breastfeeding. High levels of prolactin can also cause infertility.

Prolactin and Infertility

Under normal circumstances, a woman will have low prolactin levels if she is neither pregnant nor breastfeeding. When a woman is not pregnant or breastfeeding and has high levels of prolactin, she may have difficulty conceiving. High levels of the hormone are called hyperprolactinemia.

Hyperprolactinemia can stop ovulation and a normal menstrual cycle.. Depending on the level of severity of the condition, ovulation may stop intermittently. This leads to irregular periods, or they may be infrequent. In mild cases of hyperprolactinemia, she may ovulate regularly but lack the proper amount of progesterone production after ovulation. This can prevent the uterine lining from allowing an embryo to implant.

Some women with high prolactin levels may have discharge from the breast. The breast is stimulated to produce milk, a condition called galactorrhea. The breast may spontaneously discharge a milky substance, or it may come out if the nipples are squeezed.

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Causes of Hyperprolactinemia

A benign tumor growth on the pituitary is a common cause of this condition that can lead to infertility. Hyperprolactinemia can also be caused by hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid. Certain medications can also elevate prolactin levels. Sometimes the cause for hyperprolactinemia is not readily discernible.

Treatment

As with most conditions, treatment for hyperprolactinemia depends on the cause. When prolactin levels return to normal, your menstrual cycle should become regular, and normal ovulation should occur.

Neway Fertility provides diagnosis and treatment for a variety of infertility issues. When you want to build your family but​​ run into roadblocks, contact our office. Schedule an appointment to speak with one of our fertility specialists. We offer hope and answers.

Why choose neway?

Starting a family is an exciting adventure, regardless of the journey taken. Welcome to Neway Fertility, we are an NYC Fertility Clinic that specializes in customized treatment plans to address your specific fertility needs. You will feel right at home in our warm, friendly environment where we offer the best of patient-centered care.

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